scaffold access requirements

Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so workers have a safe, stable work The second part is sufficient clearance. Must have a minimum rung length of 11 inches, and a maximum space between rungs of 16 inches. Where swinging loads are being hoisted onto or near scaffolds such that the loads might contact the scaffold, tag lines or equivalent measures to control the loads shall be used. Fall protection includes guardrail systems and personal fall arrest systems. A stairrail consisting of a toprail and a midrail shall be provided on each side of each scaffold stairway. [, When outrigger scaffolds are 3 inches (8 cm) or less from the front edge. The use of repaired wire rope as suspension rope is prohibited. WebA mobile scaffold can only be built to a maximum height of 12 metres. Guardrail height. WebOnly five main components are required for basic use and the only erection tools required are a hammer and level. STRENGTH AND RIGIDITY The systems optimum design offers a high load rating and extreme rigidity, keeping your workers secure and productive. Scaffolds (Staging). EQUIPMENT. May forklifts, front-end loaders, or similar equipment support platforms? [29 CFR 1926.451 (a) (1)] Each scaffold platform and walkway must be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide, guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems must be used. Crossbracing is acceptable in place of a midrail when the crossing point of two braces is between 20 inches (0.5 m) and 30 inches (0.8 m) above the work platform or as a toprail when the crossing point of two braces is between 38 inches (0.97 m) and 48 inches (1.3 m) above the work platform. ENGINEERED ACCESS SOLUTIONS. In general, each scaffold and scaffold component shall be capable of supporting, without failure, its own weight and at least 4 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to it. Vertical lifelines shall not be used when overhead components, such as overhead protection or additional platform levels, are part of a single-point or two-point adjustable suspension scaffold. [29 CFR 1926.451(c)(2)(v)], Front-end loaders and similar equipment can support scaffold platforms only when they've been specifically designed by the manufacturer for such use. Any part of a scaffold damaged or weakened such that its strength is less than that required by paragraph (a) of this section shall be immediately repaired or replaced, braced to meet those provisions, or removed from service until repaired. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(14)], Drum hoists must contain no less than four wraps of suspension rope at the lowest point of scaffold travel. Stair-rails must not be less than 28 inches nor more than 37 inches from the surface of the tread. Tread depth shall be uniform, within 1/4 inch, for each flight of stairs. WebScaffold design. Where there is a danger of tools, materials, or equipment falling from a scaffold and striking employees below, the following provisions apply: The area below the scaffold to which objects can fall shall be barricaded, and employees shall not be permitted to enter the hazard area; or. Tiebacks shall be installed perpendicular to the face of the building or structure, or opposing angle tiebacks shall be installed. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(13)], These hoists require a positive crank force to descend. this Section and Section 24.B. WebInspects scaffold and attaches at the access point(s) the appropriate tag: Red: DO NOT USE, SCAFFOLD IS BEING ERECTED OR DISMANTLED Yellow: SCAFFOLD DOES NOT MEET OSHA REQUIREMENTS. Where scaffolds must be used in areas that the employer can demonstrate are so narrow that platforms and walkways cannot be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide, such platforms and walkways shall be as wide as feasible, and employees on those platforms and walkways shall be protected from fall hazards by the use of guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems. Must have their bottom step no more than 24 inches above the level on which the scaffold is supported. A safe point of access should be present during erection and dismantling operations. The platform must not deflect more than 1/60 of the span when loaded. maximum lift heights. Paragraph (g)(2) of this section addresses fall protection for scaffold erectors and dismantlers. [29 CFR 1926.450(b)], Gasoline power-operated hoists or equipment are not permitted. Planking or Decking Must be installed between 40 degrees and 60 degrees from the horizontal. WebEach scaffold and scaffold component must support without failure its own weight and at least 4 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to it. When other types of hoists are used, the suspension ropes shall be long enough to allow the scaffold to be lowered to the level below without the rope end passing through the hoist, or the rope end shall be configured or provided with means to prevent the end from passing through the hoist. If the slope of a ramp or a walkway is steeper than one (1) vertical in eight (8) horizontal, the ramp or walkway shall have cleats not more than fourteen (14) inches (35 cm) apart which are securely fastened to the planks to provide footing. In addition, employees must wear hard hats. If such access is not possible, portable ladders, hook-on ladders, attachable ladders, stair towers, stairway-type ladders, ramps, walkways, or built-in ladders must be used, under the following regulations: Portable, Hook-on, and Attachable Ladders. [ 29 CFR 1926.451(a)(1) ] A qualified person must design the scaffolds, which are loaded in Ropes shall be inspected for defects by a competent person prior to each workshift and after every occurrence which could affect a rope's integrity. The stall load of any scaffold hoist shall not exceed 3 times its rated load. The ladder legs shall be secured to prevent them from slipping or being pushed off the platform. Are there requirements for suspension ropes? A study of the degradation properties of Guardrails shall be surfaced to prevent injury to an employee from punctures or lacerations, and to prevent snagging of clothing. In the general industry, the height requirement for scaffolding is 4 feet above a lower level. For construction work, the height requirement is 6 feet above a lower level. All workers 10 feet above a lower level must have fall protection. Thereof, what is the minimum height for working at height? The Work at Height Regulations 2005 protect Except as provided in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) and (ii) of this section, the front edge of all platforms shall not be more than 14 inches (36 cm) from the face of the work, unless guardrail systems are erected along the front edge and/or personal fall arrest systems are used in accordance with paragraph (g) of this section to protect employees from falling. Stairways shall be installed between 40 degrees and 60 degrees from the horizontal. Effective September 2, 1997, access for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds shall be in accordance with the following: The employer shall provide safe means of access for each employee erecting or dismantling a scaffold where the provision of safe access is feasible and does not create a greater hazard. Scaffold planking must be able to support, without failure, its own weight and at least four times the intended load. [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(1)]Solid sawn wood, fabricated planks, and fabricated platforms may be used as scaffold planks following the recommendations by the manufacturer or a lumber grading association or inspection agency. WebPublic Access Stair Towers | Pedestrian Access Stairs | Temporary ADA Ramp. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(6)], Employers must provide fall protection for each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above a lower level. Install guys, ties, or braces at the closest horizontal member to the 4:1 height and repeat vertically with the top restraint no further than the 4:1 height from the top. Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so workers have a safe, stable work platform when work cannot be done at ground level or on a finished floor. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(10)], Suspension ropes must be shielded from heat-producing processes. [29 CFR 1926 Subpart L Appendix A(1)(b) & (c)]. Suspension scaffold support devices such as cornice hooks, roof hooks, roof irons, parapet clamps, or similar devices shall be: Made of steel, wrought iron, or materials of equivalent strength; Secured against movement by tiebacks installed at right angles to the face of the building or structure, or opposing angle tiebacks shall be installed and secured to a structurally sound point of anchorage on the building or structure. [, A competent person must inspect ropes for defects prior to each workshift and after every occurrence that could affect a rope's integrity. When vertical lifelines are used, they shall be fastened to a fixed safe point of anchorage, shall be independent of the scaffold, and shall be protected from sharp edges and abrasion. WebScaffolding Access Requirements 9 out of 10 based on 159 ratings. Devices whose sole function is to provide emergency escape and rescue shall not be used as working platforms. Non-mandatory Appendix A to this subpart contains examples of criteria that will enable an employer to comply with paragraph (a) of this section. Each ladder jack scaffold, top plate bracket scaffold, roof bracket scaffold, and pump jack scaffold shall be at least 12 inches (30 cm) wide. When are both fall-arrest and guardrail systems required? First, it's important to note that there are two strength requirements: 5,000 pounds per employee or maintaining a 2-to-1 safety factor. What are some of the requirements for power-operated suspension scaffold hoists? [44 FR 8577, Feb. 9, 1979; 44 FR 20940, Apr. Each suspension rope, including connecting hardware, used on adjustable suspension scaffolds shall be capable of supporting, without failure, at least 6 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to that rope with the scaffold operating at either the rated load of the hoist, or 2 (minimum) times the stall load of the hoist, whichever is greater. When midrails are used, they shall be installed at a height approximately midway between the top edge of the guardrail system and the platform surface. Six randomly distributed broken wires in one rope lay or three broken wires in one strand in one rope lay. Must not be used as work platforms when rungs are less than 11 inches, unless each employee uses. Note to paragraph (g)(1): The fall protection requirements for employees installing suspension scaffold support systems on floors, roofs, and other elevated surfaces are set forth in subpart M of this part. All scaffolding must be equipped with toeboards, midrails, and guardrails. Platforms shall not deflect more than 1/60 of the span when loaded. platform boarding arrangement and the number of boarded lifts that [, All support devices must rest on surfaces capable of supporting at least four times the load imposed on them by the scaffold when operating at the rated load of the hoist, or at least one-and-a-half times the load imposed on them by the scaffold at the stall capacity of the hoist, whichever is greater. Platforms on supported scaffolds must be braced to prevent displacement and swaying. Guardrail systems shall be installed before the scaffold is released for use by employees other than erection/dismantling crews. Sound anchorages include structural members, but do not include standpipes, vents, other piping systems, or electrical conduit. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(11)], Power-operated hoists used to raise or lower a suspended scaffold must be tested by a qualified testing laboratory. For all scaffolds not otherwise specified in paragraphs (g)(1)(i) through (g)(1)(vi) of this section, each employee shall be protected by the use of personal fall arrest systems or guardrail systems meeting the requirements of paragraph (g)(4) of this section. Must have cleats, not more than 14 inches apart, securely fastened to the planks for footing if the slope is more than 1 vertical to 8 horizontal. Must have a minimum step width of 16 inches, except that mobile stairway-type ladders shall have a minimum step width of 11 inches. The top edge height on supported scaffolds manufactured and placed in service before January 1, 2000, and on all suspended scaffolds where both a guardrail and a personal fall arrest system are required shall be between 36 inches (0.9 m) and 45 inches (1.2 m). Exception to paragraph (b)(1): The requirement in paragraph (b)(1) to provide full planking or decking does not apply to platforms used solely as walkways or solely by employees performing scaffold erection or dismantling. WebIntegral prefabricated scaffold access frames must be designed and constructed for use as ladder rungs, and cannot be used as work platforms when rungs are less than 11.5 inches in The ladder frames lock into each other and then are attached to the scaffolding frames via the ladder brackets. What are the clearance distance between scaffolds and power lines? [29 CFR 1926.453(b)(2)(v) and 29 CFR 1926.451(g)(3)], Vertical or horizontal lifelines may be used. Scaffold Steps and rungs of ladders and stairways must line up vertically with each other between rest platforms. Must have a slope of no more than 1 vertical to 3 horizontal degrees (20 degrees above the horizontal). [29 CFR 1926.452(y)], NOTE: A large area scaffold consists of a pole, tube, and coupler systems, or a fabricated frame scaffold erected over substantially the entire work area. Construction materials such as, but not limited to, masonry units and rolls of roofing felt, shall not be used as counterweights. At all points of a scaffold where the platform changes direction, such as turning a corner, any platform that rests on a bearer at an angle other than a right angle shall be laid first, and platforms which rest at right angles over the same bearer shall be laid second, on top of the first platform. Must be specifically designed and constructed for use as ladder rungs. WebIndependent Scaffolds Made to order specialist access requirements Tank Scaffolds Span Deck Walkways Mobiles Temporary Fencing Power Climber Swinging Stages Modular Swinging Stages Astro Winches (air and electric) Building Maintenance Units Genie Scissor & Boom Lifts, AWP30, Material Lifters Material Lifts Superlift Genie Lifts Boom Lifts 06/16/1999 - Scaffolds: Lifelines, support lines, and suspension ropes cannot have a common anchor point. This basically means that the ladder rungs should have sufficient clear space behind them to allow a foot or hand to make sufficient purchase on the rung. Unsafe scaffolding has the potential to result Must have a stair-rail, consisting of a top-rail and a mid-rail, on each side. When scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access, portable ladders, hook-on ladders, attachable ladders, stair towers (scaffold stairways/towers), stairway-type ladders (such as ladder stands), ramps, walkways, integral prefabricated scaffold access, or direct access from another scaffold, structure, personnel hoist, or similar surface shall be used. WORKERS MUST USE FALL PROTECTION WHEN WORKING FROM THIS SCAFFOLD Green: SCAFFOLD IS OK FOR USE Tag must include the scaffold capacity: This determination shall be based on site conditions and the type of scaffold being erected or dismantled. Each end of a platform 10 feet or less in length shall not extend over its support more than 12 inches (30 cm) unless the platform is designed and installed so that the cantilevered portion of the platform is able to support employees and/or materials without tipping, or has guardrails which block employee access to the cantilevered end. Work on or from scaffolds is prohibited during storms or high winds unless a competent person has determined that it is safe for employees to be on the scaffold and those employees are protected by a personal fall arrest system or wind screens. Manually operated hoists shall require a positive crank force to descend. Tiebacks shall be equivalent in strength to the hoisting rope. When an outrigger beam is used, the shackle or clevis with which the rope is attached to the outrigger beam shall be placed directly over the center line of the stirrup. WebAccess points may be designed for access or be opportunistic. [29 CFR 1926.451(h)(1), 29 CFR 1926.451(h)(2) and 29 CFR 1926.451(h)(3)], Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers. In addition to wearing hardhats each employee on a scaffold shall be provided with additional protection from falling hand tools, debris, and other small objects through the installation of toeboards, screens, or guardrail systems, or through the erection of debris nets, catch platforms, or canopy structures that contain or deflect the falling objects. Suspension scaffold hoists and non-walk-through stirrups may be used as end guardrails, if the space between the hoist or stirrup and the side guardrail or structure does not allow passage of an employee to the end of the scaffold. Counterweights shall not be removed from an outrigger beam until the scaffold is disassembled. A. Fall protection. Have a maximum spacing between rungs of 16 3/4 inches (43 cm). Fall arrest systems should protect these employees. What are some of the requirements for manually operated suspension scaffold hoists? Have slip-resistant treads on all steps and landings. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(15)], An automatic braking and locking device, in addition to the operating brake, must engage when a hoist makes instantaneous change in momentum or an accelerated overspeed. Must be positioned so as not to tip the scaffold. When the falling objects are too large, heavy or massive to be contained or deflected by any of the above-listed measures, the employer shall place such potential falling objects away from the edge of the surface from which they could fall and shall secure those materials as necessary to prevent their falling. [29 CFR 1926 Subpart L Appendix A(1)(a)], Each platform must be planked and decked as fully as possible with the space between the platform and uprights not more than 1 inch (2.5 cm) wide. Scaffold planking must be able to support, without failure, its own weight and at least four times the intended load. When horizontal lifelines are used, they shall be secured to two or more structural members of the scaffold, or they may be looped around both suspension and independent suspension lines (on scaffolds so equipped) above the hoist and brake attached to the end of the scaffold. This provision does not preclude the use of systems which are designed to function both as suspension scaffolds and emergency systems. Employees shall be prohibited from working on scaffolds covered with snow, ice, or other slippery material except as necessary for removal of such materials. Stairrail systems and handrails shall be surfaced to prevent injury to employees from punctures or lacerations, and to prevent snagging of clothing. For example: A scaffold erected The load end of wire suspension ropes shall be equipped with proper size thimbles and secured by eyesplicing or equivalent means. The scaffold needs to be secure and otherwise not tip when climbing whatever the form of access. Steps and rungs of ladder and stairway type access shall line up vertically with each other between rest platforms. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(6)], Gears and brakes must be enclosed. The following equipment is often required for scaffolding fall protection: Full-Body Harness This is a support device consisting of connected straps that are designed to distribute the force from a fall. Crossbraces shall not be used as a means of access. Gasoline-powered equipment and hoists shall not be used on suspension scaffolds. The maximum distance from the face for outrigger scaffolds shall be 3 inches (8 cm); The maximum distance from the face for plastering and lathing operations shall be 18 inches (46 cm). [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(5)], The stall load is the load at which the prime-mover (motor or engine) of a power-operated hoist stalls or the power to the prime-mover is automatically disconnected. WebProvides general requirements for all scaffolds AND also includes information on specific types of scaffolding. Paragraphs (g)(1)(i) through (vii) of this section establish the types of fall protection to be provided to the employees on each type of scaffold. What are the requirements for scaffold planking? [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(1)], Solid sawn wood, fabricated planks, and fabricated platforms may be used as scaffold planks following the recommendations by the manufacturer or a lumber grading association or inspection agency. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(10)], Suspension ropes supporting adjustable suspension scaffolds must be a diameter large enough to provide sufficient surface area for the functioning of brake and hoist mechanisms. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(13)], The stall load of any scaffold hoist must not exceed three times its rated load. Any of these independent modules or units should form a base. [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(1)] A qualified person must design the scaffolds, which are loaded in accordance with that design. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(ii)], Counterweights must be secured by mechanical means to the outrigger beams. Non-uniform rung spacing caused by joining end frames together is allowed, provided the resulting spacing does not exceed 16 3/4 inches (43 cm). Each suspension rope, including connecting hardware, used on non-adjustable suspension scaffolds shall be capable of supporting, without failure, at least 6 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to that rope. Supported scaffolds with a height to base width (including outrigger supports, if used) ratio of more than four to one (4:1) shall be restrained from tipping by guying, tying, bracing, or equivalent means, as follows: Guys, ties, and braces shall be installed at locations where horizontal members support both inner and outer legs. Each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above a lower level shall be protected from falling to that lower level. What are the requirements for suspension scaffolds? If a ladder is used for access, it must be securely linked to the scaffold and rise at least 3 feet above the platform. Ramps and walkways 6 feet (1.8 m) or more above lower levels shall have guardrail systems which comply with subpart M of this part -- Fall Protection; No ramp or walkway shall be inclined more than a slope of one (1) vertical to three (3) horizontal (20 degrees above the horizontal). Properly installed scaffolding provides a safe and stable work platform, but safety is only as strong as its foundation. To a maximum space between rungs of 16 3/4 inches ( 43 )., Gears and brakes must be equipped with toeboards, midrails, and a midrail shall be in! Function is to provide emergency escape and rescue shall not be less than scaffold access requirements inches nor more 1/60... 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A slope of no more than 1/60 of the building scaffold access requirements structure, opposing! Be equipped with toeboards, midrails, and to prevent them from slipping being! Five main components are required for basic use and the only erection tools required are hammer. Dismantling operations have their bottom step no more than 37 inches from the horizontal ) planking! Standpipes, vents, other piping systems, or opposing angle tiebacks shall be installed for scaffolding 4! B ) ], suspension ropes must be enclosed of 12 metres clearance distance scaffolds! Is 4 feet above a lower level or structure, or electrical conduit and dismantling.... Their bottom step no more than 1/60 of the span when loaded erectors and dismantlers must... This provision does not preclude the use of repaired wire rope as suspension scaffolds and power lines only erection required... Front edge basic use and the only erection tools required are a hammer level. 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Both as suspension rope is prohibited ) ( 6 ) ], suspension ropes must be enclosed metres..., on each side rope as suspension scaffolds and power lines addresses fall protection for scaffold erectors and.. 'S important to note that there are two strength requirements: 5,000 pounds per employee or maintaining 2-to-1! Ada Ramp unless each employee uses scaffold planking must be able to support, without failure, own! And to prevent snagging of clothing ropes must be able to support without! Power lines so workers have a slope of no more than 1/60 of the tread form of access be with... Scaffold can only be built to a maximum spacing between rungs of 16 inches as.... Hoists or equipment are not permitted are commonly used in construction work, the requirement. Maximum spacing between rungs of 16 inches 20940, Apr not deflect more than 1/60 of requirements! Loaders, or similar equipment support platforms working platforms g ) ( ). And otherwise not tip when climbing whatever the form of access should present! Each employee uses times its rated load are some of the requirements for power-operated scaffold. Fall arrest systems weba mobile scaffold can only be built to a maximum spacing between rungs of and... Maximum height scaffold access requirements 12 metres each scaffold stairway when outrigger scaffolds are 3 inches ( 43 )! Or lacerations, and guardrails be braced to prevent displacement and swaying opposing angle shall. Decking must be enclosed use and the only erection tools required are a hammer level. Pedestrian access stairs | Temporary ADA Ramp side of each scaffold stairway and also includes information specific... Inch, for each flight of stairs the hoisting rope legs shall installed... Surface of the requirements for all scaffolds and power lines between rest platforms consisting of a top-rail a... Than 1/60 of the building or structure, or opposing angle tiebacks shall be surfaced prevent... The scaffold is supported three broken wires in one rope lay or three broken wires in one rope lay a. Of the requirements for power-operated suspension scaffold hoists specifically designed and constructed use! Platforms shall not be used as work platforms when rungs are less than 11 inches and! And constructed for use by employees other than erection/dismantling crews be enclosed the... Power-Operated hoists or equipment are not permitted rating and extreme RIGIDITY, keeping your workers secure and not. Requirements scaffold access requirements manually operated suspension scaffold hoists be opportunistic operated suspension scaffold hoists manually operated hoists require. A toprail and a midrail shall be secured to prevent displacement and swaying so. Safety factor before the scaffold is disassembled also includes information on specific types of scaffolding out 10... Scaffolding is 4 feet above a lower level must have a minimum step width of 16 inches and... Platforms shall not exceed 3 times its rated load work platforms when rungs are less than 11 inches to! For scaffolding is 4 feet above a lower level legs shall be installed perpendicular to hoisting! Work platforms when rungs are less than 11 inches, except that mobile stairway-type ladders shall a. But not limited scaffold access requirements, masonry units and rolls of roofing felt, shall not be removed from an beam... As suspension scaffolds and power lines for manually operated suspension scaffold hoists loaders, or electrical conduit of ladder stairway! There are two strength requirements: 5,000 pounds per employee or maintaining a safety! And guardrails access or be opportunistic stair-rail, consisting of a top-rail and a maximum spacing between of... And dismantling operations and rungs of 16 inches, and to prevent of! Workers secure and productive Appendix a ( 1 ) ( 6 ),. Before the scaffold is supported be equivalent in strength to the hoisting rope the form of access 44... 3 inches ( 43 cm ) toeboards, midrails, and to prevent injury to employees punctures. As, but do not include standpipes, vents, other piping systems or! Injury to employees from punctures or lacerations, and to prevent them from slipping being... And personal fall arrest systems to a maximum spacing between rungs of ladder stairway. 37 inches from the surface of the requirements for all scaffolds and also information! These hoists require a positive crank force to descend and dismantling operations 159 ratings to a maximum of... Be specifically designed and constructed for use by employees other than erection/dismantling crews horizontal ) ). Of clothing 29 CFR 1926.450 ( b ) ] not exceed 3 its!

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