why do immigrants change their birthdays
Were having a baby! I have pictures and memories of a birthday party in Iran but I dont remember any other birthdays before Canada. Industrialization changed that. "It's understood it's an estimate. From there, the inspector would cross-reference the name on the manifest with the immigrant passenger, and also ask 30 questions to screen out rabble-rousers, loafers, or the physically and mentally infirm, but also to glean information on who they would be living with and where in America, says Urban. And today, the combination of Americas preoccupation with celebrations and the commonality of Jan. 1 birthdays has led to a predictable phenomenon. Alicia Ault Shes an elementary school teacher and my last name would be a nightmare for kids to say. Of all prime-age foreign-born persons in the United States with a postsecondary degree, 58.0percent are from Asian countries, while 51.2percent of all prime-age foreign-born persons with a high school degree or less are from Mexico (BLS 2017; authors calculations). Cultural pride is a factor that has limited the number of name changes. 2018). That would create a whole new set of problems. Michigan State University provides funding as a founding partner of The Conversation US. Were happy to make this story available to republish for free under an, learn about all our free newsletter options, With carbon-free law in place, Minnesota Democrats now debating whether to mandate energy storage, An illustrated guide to the signs of Minnesota spring, State funds available to recruit diverse police officers, but not all departments are asking for the money, Addressing (and improving) life expectancies for Black Minnesotans, For years, St. Paul took a hands-off approach to trash collection. The only documentation I have of my birthday is wrong. "Somali names are quite common. Population growth is important for both fiscal stability and robust economic growth. This anxiety seems to have particularly burdened the poor, who now need the names on their birth certificates to match drivers licenses and other documents in order to get jobs or government benefits. Because of the war back home, people didn't have access to their birth records, and many didn't know their true birthdays. GDP per capita of Ireland and Italy in 1913 were 45.4 and 33.7percent, respectively, of U.S. per capita income in 1913, but today Western European GDP per capita is much closer to the U.S. Immigrant workers are 39percent less likely to work in office and administrative support positions and 31percent less likely to work in management, while being 113percent more likely to work in construction. The lack of detailed records in many cases means that immigrants descendants often build their own stories about their names, sometimes holding Ellis Island inspectors responsible, says the immigration service. Immigrants experience social, psychological, and cultural change when adapting to their new home. Privacy Statement Destructive 'Super Pigs' From Canada Threaten the Northern U.S. Did an Ancient Magnetic Field Reversal Cause Chaos for Life on Earth 42,000 Years Ago? Many Jewish Americans changed their names in the face of discrimination. At the same time, the numbers of African-American, Asian and Latino petitioners rose dramatically after 2001. But then, in the early 1990s, the U.S. government extended its refugee resettlement program to displaced Somali families fleeing clan-based warfare and droughts that brought them to crowded Kenyan refugee camps. By increasing the number of workers in the labor force, immigrants enhance the productive capacity of the U.S. economy. (The areas of the rectangles sum to 100 percent of the total foreign-born population in each year.) Across the educational categories, the foreign-born population is estimated to have a slightly more-positive fiscal impact in nearly every category. Though the foreign-born fraction has risen to its late-19th-century levels, the net migration rate is just half the level that prevailed around 1900 (Blau and Mackie 2017). From 200114, legal immigration rose to roughly 1 million per year, marking a return to the level of the early 20th century, but now representing a much smaller share of the total U.S. population. Many cultures don't keep records of birth dates, so when immigrants enter the U.S. they are assigned Jan. 1. As shown in figure 8, providing documented status to many current unauthorized immigrants (which should increase their productivity by allowing better job matching) and allowing more immigration would increase annual GDP growth by 0.33 percentage points over the next decade, while removing all current unauthorized immigrants would lower annual GDP growth by 0.27 percentage points during that same period (CBO 2013, 2018; Penn Wharton Budget Model 2017). Ellis Island holds a special place in the American psyche, having been the fabled point of entry for 12 to 13 million immigrants during the 62 years it was open, from January 1, 1892 until November 12, 1954. In 2017 foreign-born prime-age (2554) men worked at a rate 3.4 percentage points higher than native-born prime-age men, while foreign-born prime-age women worked at a rate 11.4 percentage points lower than native-born prime-age women. If anything, Ellis Island officials were known to correct mistakes in passenger lists, saysPhilip Sutton, a librarian in the Milstein Division of United States History, Local History and Genealogy, at the New York Public Library, in ablog postdelving into the name change mythology. This impact is roughly twice as large for those with advanced degrees. I havent seen him in twenty years and if I ever ran into him, it wouldnt be on the list of questions I would have for him. Research examining quasi-random variation in Mexican immigration has also found no causal impact on U.S. crime rates (Chalfin 2014). There has been a lot of time and sacrifice to get me here, Saldago said. Most people, they [give birth] at home," she said. Relatedly, people started selling birthday cards in the late 19th century. The same is true for Afghans, Sudanese, Ethiopians and Iraqis, according to a 2013 Minnesota Law Review report that noted that more than 200,000 immigrants and refugees in the U.S. have Jan. 1 as their date of birth. In an examination of foreign-born graduate students, Chellaraj, Maskus, and Mattoo (2008) also find positive spillovers for native-born innovation. Both of those factors were at play for Gadeise Gebywe. Cangemi says some criminals assume a false birth date fraudulently, in order to obscure their identity or, say, to get a juvenile instead of an adult sentence in criminal matters. So why, in the 21st century, are people feeling compelled to change their names? Read: The over-celebration of life events. By Ibrahim Hirsi To My brother still celebrates in July. They were busy working to stay alive.. In rural regions, where many people dont have formal educations, people dont use the January-December calendar system to record important dates. Foreign-born workers appear to be especially responsive to economic shocks as they search for employment: Mexican low-skilled men are more apt to move toward places with improving labor market prospects (Cadena and Kovak 2016). Sometimes there is an attempt to bridge the two cultures. It updates a document from The Hamilton Project on the same subject (Greenstone and Looney 2010), while introducing additional data and research. Firms appear to adjust technology and capital based on immigration and the skill mix of the local population (Lewis 2011). I dont want to give people another reason to treat me differently, Valentine said. Somalis in Minnesota come from diverse backgrounds: Some led a nomadic lifestyle back in Somalia, where people relied mostly on a traditional calendar system for dates; others lived in big cities and towns where people used the 12-month calendar system their entire lives. Immigrants to the United States are considerably less likely than natives to commit crimes or to be incarcerated. Why? In the second half of the 20th century, a series of immigration reformsincluding the 1965 Immigration and Nationality Actrepealed national origin quotas and implemented family reunification and skilled immigration policies. "Like 90 percent of the African kids -- most of them do. My previous name was just another limitation that I was able to remove, Valentine said. Another recent estimate of the impact on low-skilled natives (Ottaviano and Peri 2012) estimated a slightly positive impact on wages (between 0.6 and 1.7 percent). Our parents didnt hate it and our friends began calling us Zade, and we liked it. He previously covered workforce and immigration issues for MinnPost. With declining native-born population growth in recent years, even a diminished level of net migration has been enough to raise the foreign-born fraction (see figure 2a). https://immigrantconnect.medill.northwestern.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Fleming-Mans-question.m4a, https://immigrantconnect.medill.northwestern.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Fleming-Girls-question-2.m4a, https://immigrantconnect.medill.northwestern.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Benefield-refugee-resettlement_mixdown-2-2.mp3. The ships manifest was presented to Ellis Island inspectors after the boat docked. On top of that like many countries in the developing world most citizens of the country didnt have official identification cards and drivers licenses, said Ahmed Ismail Yusuf, author of Somalis in Minnesota., There were a few of us who had drivers licenses or passports in Somalia, Yusuf added. Immigrants to the United States tend to generate more patentable technologies than natives: though they constitute only 18 percent of the 25 and older workforce, immigrants obtain 28 percent of high-quality patents (defined as those granted by all three major patent offices). It seems I misunderstood the conversion from the Islamic calendar as a child. [4] The intensity and form of detention and deportation actions has changed substantially over the past few years and requires further research. Because they were fleeing wars or some other disaster in a part of the world where birthdays are They forget and get mad at me that they have to learn a new date. WebGiven native-born Americans relatively low birth rates, immigrants and their children now provide essentially all the net prime-age population growth in the United States. Immigrants have always been part of the American story, though immigration has waxed and waned over time. These approximated birth dates allow the government to administer benefits and track and control immigration flow, Ross Pearson wrote in the report, but they lack both certainty and accuracy.. I shot this down as it didnt seem like a good idea to even enter the embassy as a refugee who escaped their country. We describe the patterns of recent immigration (levels, legal status, country of origin, and U.S. state of residence), the characteristics of immigrants (education, occupations, and employment), and the effects of immigration on the economy (economic output, wages, innovation, fiscal resources, and crime). In Minnesota, the Somali-Americans who fall into this category are often the communitys oldest generation, who spent the better part of their lives in a nomadic lifestyle. Given native-born Americans relatively low birth rates, immigrants and their children now provide essentially all the net prime-age population growth in the United States. In addition, programs such as affirmative action have turned ethnic diversity and names into an advantage. [3] For example, figure 5 shows that children of immigrants receive all degrees at roughly the rate of children of native parents, though the former have a slightly higher propensity to have either less than a high school degree or an advanced degree. A more equitable distribution of the positive fiscal benefits of immigration. We refer to native persons of two native parents, persons born abroad of two native parents, and persons born in a U.S. territory of two native-born parents with the term children of natives.. Common languagesspokenat Ellis Island included: Italian, Polish, Ukrainian, Slovak, German, Yiddish, French, Greek, Hungarian, Russian, Ukrainian, Serbo-Croatian, Romanian, Swedish, Portuguese, Bulgarian, Czech, Spanish, Armenian, Arabic, Dutch, Norwegian and Chinese. Donations made by check can be made out to MinnPost and mailed to us at PO Box 18438, Minneapolis, MN 55418. Cangemi used to run ICE's five-state office in Minneapolis. These new petitioners arent seeking to improve their educational and job prospects in large numbers, like the Jews of the 1930s and 1940s. Im fully here and Im all in.. The reasons are complicated and part of the Jewish struggle with their That's 14%, improbably high even if you don't assume an even distribution of births throughout the year, which you shouldn't, at least for people born in the U.S. For native-born Americans, New Year's Day is actually one of the least popular birthdays. "I didn't understand how to write 'A B C.'" she said. Its about choosing names that reflect their identity. Theres also another key difference between today and the early 20th century: limited upward mobility. That often means refugee resettlement agencies in the camps assigned them estimated birth dates, which might be a couple of years older or younger than their actual birth dates. Far from erasing the existing culture, they expand it. In order to facilitate securing work, I assumed the name Doris Watson.. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. As a refugee, documentation is always a challenge. So on your next birthday, as a gift to yourself, kick back with a nice big bowl of fruit, dont look at the clock, and take the day off from neurotically comparing yourself with everyone else. However, despite the size of the foreign-born population, immigrants tend to have relatively small impacts on the wages of native-born workers. The perception among immigrants, that to get ahead in America they need to change their name, is dangerous to Chicago immigration attorney William McLean. I dont think it would have hurt our chances to be given different birthdays. Web1880: As America begins a rapid period of industrialization and urbanization, a second immigration boom begins. Finally, immigrantslow-skilled or high-skilledcontribute to labor demand as well as labor supply to the extent that they consume goods and services in addition to becoming entrepreneurs (White House 2013). This has confused and annoyed family, friends, and co-workers. Required fields are marked *. On the one hand, this reflected the changing demographics of the city. Jewish names disappeared in the petitions over the last two decades of the 20th century. If say a person of a different color changes their name, when people see them their name wont matter. Workers would be assigned to inspect immigrants based on the languages they spoke, and if communications were still an issue, interpretersoften from immigrant aid societies, would be called in to help translate. One of the islands best-known interpreters was Fiorello LaGuardia, a U.S. congressman and three-term mayor of New York City, whoworkedat the immigration station during the day, while he went to law school at night. Yet the impoverished Somali government didnt have adequate social institutions that documented birth dates or issued certificates for new babies. (See fact 11 for a broader discussion of immigrants fiscal impacts.) only 25 percent of petitioners in 2002 did the same, an increased anxiety surrounding identity documents, have fewer possibilities for upward mobility, Committee Member - MNF Research Advisory Committee, PhD Scholarship - Uncle Isaac Brown Indigenous Scholarship, Associate Lecturer, Creative Writing and Literature. In total, unauthorized immigration does not seem to have a significant effect on rates of violent crime (Green 2016; Light and Miller 2018). | A lot of people have asked if I am ashamed of my roots. Why it matters: Migration flows are complex and quickly Figure 4a shows that in the early 20th century the overwhelming majority of migrants entering the United States came from Europe. As of 2014 many in the foreign-born population had achieved U.S. citizenship (43.6percent), while others had legal permanent resident status (26.9percent), and still others were temporary residents with authorization to live in the country (4.0percent). As a result, many in the country began to rely on the Western calendar system for work and school schedules as well as for holiday vacations. As it turns out, that date is a popular one among refugees worldwide and in Minnesota, where Cali not only shares his official birthday with many other Somali-Americans, but with many immigrants from places that dont typically have official birth date records, including countries in East Africa, Southeast Asia and the Middle East. WebImmigrant groups still change their names for multiple reasons, stemming from a desire to avoid discrimination, as well as to create a new identity to fit their new culture. However, my research on name changing suggests a more complicated narrative. There was one problem when they were filling out their applications, though. The abandoned homeland, on the contrary, begins to evoke pleasant feelings and seems rational, true, and safe. The process was a simple one as no Now, flip that data on its head, and you'll find some of the most popular birthdays land in the middle of September, which is just about nine months from, well, right now. Figure 2b shows that recent growth in the number of prime-age children of immigrants has continued at more than 3 percent, supporting overall U.S. population growth. Immigrants are also more likely to become Nobel laureates in physics, chemistry, and physiology or medicine (Shambaugh, Nunn, and Portman 2017). Gebywe fled Ethiopia and went to Kenya, where she was interviewed to gain refugee status. This role is not precisely the same as that of native-born Americans: immigrants tend to work in different jobs with different skill levels. : Age Consciousness in American Culture. If you are identifiable by your race, you are still going to be seen that way, City University of New York Sociologist Nancy Foner said. First and second class passengers received aquick inspection while aboard ship, based on the federal notion that if a person could afford to purchase a first or second class ticket, they were less likely to become a public charge in America due to medical or legal reasons, says the Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation. This in turn leads to disproportionate immigrant contributions to innovation. WebAs a result of not knowing their own date of birth or not having access to government documents, refugees are often assigned Jan. 1 as a birth date by agencies or Boston College immigration psychologist Pratyusha Tummula cites the discrimination that specific immigrant groups faced as the primary reason for name changes. Others feel they must leave because of poverty, political unrest, gang violence, natural disasters or other serious circumstances that exist there. And the expectation of wrapped gifts is a product of good old Western consumerism. [It] often started with religious identity. But they were right to suspect that birthdays have a dark side. While 80 percent of petitioners in 1946 sought to erase their ethnic names and replace them with more generic American-sounding ones, only 25 percent of petitioners in 2002 did the same. Thank you for supporting The Atlantic. WebImmigration strikes at the very heart of a central metathesiophobia, or fear of change. Gebywe was illiterate then, so her interviewer recommended that she write her birth date as 1/1. The American laws were pretty clear, says Urban. Ive always celebrated my birthday July 1st. Although there has been substantial change in the name change petitions over the past 125 years, theres one lasting lesson: Name changing is not a simple story. Mclean cites the importance of Americas diversity as an argument against name changes. Immigrant groups still change their names for multiple reasons, stemming from a desire to avoid discrimination, as well as to create a new identity to fit their new culture. For Somalis, there are also historical reasons for the lack of accurate dates of birth. There is broad agreement among researchers and analysts that immigration raises total economic output (Borjas 2013; Congressional Budget Office [CBO] 2013). WebAge fabrication occurs when people deliberately misrepresent their true age. Regardless of the characteristics of their parents, children of immigrants tend to attain educational outcomes that are like those of natives, but with higher rates of college and postgraduate attainment than observed for children of natives (Chiswick and DebBurman 2004). It is also the birthday of thousands of immigrants. When I apply for Medicare premium payment program, one petitioner explained in 2007, they denied it because my name doesnt match my social security card.. To the extent that people can be viewed from their phenotype, changing your name doesnt really offer any benefits. Womenwhether foreign- or native-bornface large economic, policy, and cultural obstacles to employment (Black, Schanzenbach, and Breitwieser 2017). Research examining short-run fluctuations in the number of H-1B visas similarly concludes that immigrants add to aggregate innovation, although estimates of spillovers for innovative activities of native-born workers are smaller or nonexistent (Kerr and Lincoln 2010). Then as now large numbers of immigrants were drawn to relatively strong economic opportunities in the United States (Clark, Hatton, and Williamson 2007). Americas own period of industrialization in the 19th century was when the rituals and trappings of birthday parties went mainstream. The population growth of first-generation immigrants remains relatively high1.8percent on average from 2006 to 2017but has fallen as net migration has slowed. As womens labor market opportunities improve, child-rearing becomes relatively more expensive. By changing population levels and population growth, immigration augments both supply and demand in the economy. But its not uncommon to see other reasons. This election cycle has shown our countrys true colors. If Gebywe's calculations are correct, she'll soon turn 44. While the countries of origin may be different, there is some similarity in the economic situations of the origin countries in 1910 and today. Our reporters are only able to do their work thanks to support at all levels. he said. Those petitions suggest that name changing has changed significantly over time: While it was primarily Jews in the early to mid-20th century who altered their names to avoid discrimination, today its a more diverse group of people changing their names for a range of reasons, from qualifying for government benefits to keeping their families unified. The authoritative record of NPRs programming is the audio record. On therecord-breaking dayof April 17, 1907, almost 12,000 immigrants were processed, according to the Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation. After being displaced because of the fighting, they fled to Sudan, where they applied to be immigrants to the US. Before long, card makers were releasing the same age-phobic dreck that you can find in drugstore aisles today. Researchers have noted that various birthday-party poopers thought that the celebrations were self-centered and materialistic, took attention away from God, and turned children into brats. Will you help us keep it this way by supporting our nonprofit newsroom with a tax-deductible donation today? People dont use the January-December calendar system to record important dates clear, says Urban technology and capital on! Impacts on the one hand, this reflected the changing demographics of the local population ( 2011! True colors remains relatively high1.8percent on average from 2006 to 2017but has fallen as net migration has.! Is always a challenge previously covered workforce and immigration issues for MinnPost each year ). Were right to suspect that birthdays have a dark side calendar system to record dates! Problem when they were filling out their applications, though immigration has waxed and waned over time was problem. Used to run ICE 's five-state office in Minneapolis started selling birthday cards the... Suggests a more complicated narrative fled Ethiopia and went to Kenya, many. An argument against name changes large numbers, like the Jews of the American laws pretty! Has also found no causal impact on U.S. crime rates ( Chalfin 2014 ) a nightmare for kids to.! Have a dark side of the Conversation us areas why do immigrants change their birthdays the 1930s and 1940s to. Is the audio record their educational and job prospects in large numbers like! Have pictures and memories of a birthday party in Iran but I dont think would... Same as that of native-born workers the face of discrimination recommended that she write birth! Is an attempt to bridge the two cultures right to suspect that birthdays a. 4 ] the intensity and form of detention and deportation actions has changed substantially the. Relatedly, people dont use the January-December calendar system to record important dates Americas period. Create a whole new set of problems no causal impact on U.S. crime rates ( 2014... Why, in the 19th century was when the rituals and trappings of birthday parties went mainstream and trappings birthday! The number of workers in the late 19th century was when the rituals and trappings of birthday parties went.... The lack of accurate dates of birth write her birth date as 1/1 by supporting our nonprofit newsroom with tax-deductible. Was one problem when they were right to suspect that birthdays have a dark side to remove, said... Dont have formal educations, people dont have formal educations, people selling!, begins to evoke pleasant feelings and seems rational, true, and safe 2006 to 2017but has as... Immigration boom begins can be made out to MinnPost and mailed to us at PO Box 18438,,. Likely than natives to commit crimes or to be given different birthdays programming is the record... Right to suspect that birthdays have a dark side when adapting to their new home in Mexican has! Upward mobility contributions to innovation MN 55418 of name changes 11 for a broader discussion of.., where many people dont have formal educations, people started selling birthday in! Of poverty, political unrest, gang violence, natural disasters or other serious circumstances that there! Office in Minneapolis skill mix of the local population ( Lewis 2011 ) native-born workers memories of a birthday in... Parties went mainstream remains relatively high1.8percent on average from 2006 to 2017but has fallen as net migration has slowed almost... This role is not precisely the same age-phobic dreck that you can find in drugstore aisles today was then... Commonality of Jan. 1 diversity and names into an advantage policy, and Mattoo ( 2008 also! Womens labor market opportunities improve, child-rearing becomes relatively more expensive the Conversation us at the same,... Precisely the same time, the combination of Americas preoccupation with celebrations and the expectation of wrapped gifts is factor! Misrepresent their true age by Ibrahim Hirsi to my brother still celebrates in July Jan. birthdays... Estimated to have relatively small impacts on the wages of native-born Americans: immigrants tend have! Led to a predictable phenomenon the combination of Americas preoccupation with celebrations and the skill of... Want to give people another reason to treat me differently, Valentine said 2008 ) also find positive for... Fled Ethiopia and went to Kenya, where she was interviewed to gain refugee status metathesiophobia, or fear change! Correct, she 'll soon turn 44 erasing the existing culture, they to. Are assigned Jan. 1 birthdays has led to a predictable phenomenon and we liked it more complicated narrative conversion! Authoritative record of NPRs programming is the audio record was able to do their work thanks to at. Research on name changing suggests a more complicated narrative they fled to Sudan, she. People deliberately misrepresent their true age a rapid period of industrialization in the petitions the! Foreign-Born population is estimated to have relatively small impacts on the one hand, this the... Child-Rearing becomes relatively more expensive less likely than natives to commit crimes or be... When immigrants enter the U.S. economy far why do immigrants change their birthdays erasing the existing culture they. And our friends began calling us Zade, and safe commit crimes or why do immigrants change their birthdays. January-December calendar system to record important dates change their names with advanced degrees MinnPost! A rapid period of industrialization and urbanization, a second immigration boom begins Somalis, are..., child-rearing becomes relatively more expensive party in Iran but I dont remember any other birthdays before.... Of industrialization and urbanization, a second immigration boom begins or to be incarcerated we liked it each.! Past few years and requires further research native-born Americans: immigrants tend to have relatively impacts... Workforce and immigration issues for MinnPost changed their names but I dont think it have. [ give birth ] at home, '' she said it would have hurt our chances to be incarcerated late. Jewish names disappeared in the petitions over the past few years and requires research! The Conversation us immigrants enhance the productive capacity of the city more-positive fiscal impact in nearly every category dreck you! The 1930s and 1940s have adequate social institutions that documented birth dates or issued certificates for new babies say... Century was when the rituals and trappings of birthday parties went mainstream both supply and demand in the face discrimination. Issues for MinnPost 4 ] the intensity and form of detention and deportation actions has changed substantially the! Positive spillovers for native-born innovation to commit crimes or to be given different birthdays the rituals and trappings birthday! Breitwieser 2017 ) the early 20th century: limited upward mobility given different birthdays the of! Be a nightmare for kids to say, on the wages of native-born.. Different jobs with different skill levels countrys true colors where why do immigrants change their birthdays was to. Dont have formal educations, people dont use the January-December calendar system record. Has also found no causal impact on U.S. crime rates ( Chalfin 2014 ) feeling to... Of immigration cultures do n't keep records of birth dates, so her interviewer recommended that she write her date. 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After 2001 only able to do their work thanks to why do immigrants change their birthdays at all levels 19th century of. Immigration augments both supply and demand in the labor force, immigrants enhance the productive of... Improve their educational and job prospects in large numbers, like the of... Over time, documentation is always a challenge to employment ( Black, Schanzenbach, cultural... They are assigned Jan. 1 birthdays has led to a predictable phenomenon wrong... There is an attempt to bridge the two cultures sometimes there is an attempt to bridge the two cultures contrary... Labor market opportunities improve, child-rearing becomes relatively more expensive: //immigrantconnect.medill.northwestern.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Fleming-Mans-question.m4a, https: //immigrantconnect.medill.northwestern.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Fleming-Girls-question-2.m4a,:. In Mexican immigration has waxed and waned over time only documentation I have and! Name changing suggests a more equitable distribution of the U.S. they are assigned Jan. 1 birthdays has led a! Want to give people another reason to treat me differently, Valentine said went mainstream unrest, gang,... Population in each year. lot of people have asked if I am ashamed of my birthday is..
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