bagel is a yeshivish term for what

[The Secret of the Ring with Sesames] stanbul: YKY, 2010: 45. Yeshivish is primarily a male-spoken dialect. [3] With a dough hydration of around 50-57%, bagel dough is among the stiffest bread doughs. Bagels are machine-rolled instead of hand-made, and are baked in standard steel commercial ovens. In 1900, the Bagel Brunch became popular in New York City. Yeshivish (Yiddish: ), also known as Yeshiva English, Yeshivisheh Shprach, or Yeshivisheh Reid, is a sociolect of English spoken by Yeshiva students and other Jews with a strong connection to the Orthodox Yeshiva world. - New York Tribune, 25 Feb. 1914, : a firm doughnut-shaped roll traditionally made by boiling and then baking. 2023. [40] Fresh/frozen supermarket sales (excluding Wal-Mart) for the 52 weeks ending 13 May 2012 was US$592.7 million. Drop bagels in, 2-4 at a time, making sure they have enough room to float around. The history of bagels' development and soaring popularity gives a window to Jewish history and fortunes over the past 800 years. - Ken Kesey, Sometimes a Great Notion, 1964, : one who looks on and often offers unwanted advice or comment, Kibitzer, which can also be spelled kibbitzer, may also be used in a broad sense, with the meaning "one who offers opinions." Use stock immediately or let cool and refrigerate or freeze. Yeshivish tends to describe Haredi and certain more right-leaning non-Haredi Orthodox groups. [2] It is traditionally shaped by hand into a roughly hand-sized ring from yeasted wheat dough that is first boiled for a short time in water and then baked. The bagel has been regarded as a Jewish specialty, in part because its method of preparation made it popular among Jews as a convenient form of bread that could be baked without breaking the rule of no work on the Sabbath. Its first known occurrence in English dates back to 1867; many of the other Yiddish words we've borrowed don't appear in print until the middle of the 20th century. On Brick Lane in east London, there are two long-established bagel shops in which the item is spelled beigel, with pronunciation (bygl) to match. In 1954, the Lenders converted part of their garage to a storage freezer and started making bagels all week long, then freezing them for the weekend rush. [1] "Yeshivish" may also refer to non- Hasidic Haredi Jews. They are different from doughnuts because they are boiled before baked. [citation needed], Bagels were brought to the United States by immigrant Polish Jews, with a thriving business developing in New York City that was controlled for decades by Bagel Bakers Local 338. There are various opinions as to the origins of this term. 39 comments. The origin of the name bagel is disputed. [citation needed], In Quizbowl, a "bagel" refers to failing to correctly answer any part of a multi-part bonus question (i.e. [48], Another bagel-like type of bread is the traditional German Dortmunder Salzkuchen from the 19th century. The Power-Mad Utopians. One goose, two geese. [41] and sometimes also with milk.[42]. - Ray Jones, Great American Stuff: A Celebration of People, Places, and Products that Make Us Happy to Live in America, 1997. : a person connected to an activity, an organization, a movement, etc. So have a Bagel, and get some sleep todayFirst Class all the way "Bagel" is also a Yeshivish term for sleeping 12 hours straight, e.g., "I slept a bagel last night." There are various opinions as to the origins of this term. Bagels are sometimes called the cement doughnuts. In her book The Bagel: The Surprising History of a Modest Bread, food historian Maria Balinska posits that the round Polish roll called the obwarzanek was a twist both figuratively and literally on pretzels, turning these doughy treats into a round pastry that soon became popular throughout Poland. Place 4 bagels onto each lined baking sheet. When my greatuncle Jacques immigrated to New York from Syria at the turn of the century, the only jobs he could get were peddling door-to-door and selling bagels from a pushcart. Chutzpah is not only one of the most well-known words of Yiddish origin we have in English, it was also one of the first to be borrowed. A number of other distinctive intonations are also used: for instance, a high-falling pitch boundary for a dramatic point. "Xinjiang". Nglish: Translation of bagel for Spanish Speakers, Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about bagel. Jerusalem bagels are sprinkled with sesame seeds, and often eaten with zaatar, a popular Israeli spice mixture featuring hyssop, sesame, chickpea powder, olive oil, coriander and salt. In exercising this power, painting and poetry have a choice of subject almost unlimited.Walter Pater (18391894). There are a couple of ironies in this statement. For example, Yiddish derived daven 'pray' may become davening or davened, e.g. and Psshhhh! [27], According to a 2012 Consumer Reports article, the ideal bagel should have a slightly crispy crust, a distinct "pull" when a piece is separated from the whole by biting or pinching, a chewy inside, and the flavor of bread freshly baked. "Bagel" is also a Yeshivish term for sleeping 12 hours . 2011 January 30, Piers Newbery, "Australian Open: Djokovic too good for Murray in final", in BBC [1]: The Scot, who had been close to a two-set deficit in his . Like challah, it is of South German origin, but it came into its own and took its definitive form in the Polish shtetl. [3][4] The basic roll-with-a-hole design, hundreds of years old, allows even cooking and baking of the dough; it also allows groups of bagels to be gathered on a string or dowel for handling, transportation, and retail display. l / a soft, chewy, circular piece of bread with a hole in the center (Definicin de bagel del Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary Cambridge University Press) Ejemplos de bagel bagel In recent years, a variant of this process has emerged, producing what is sometimes called the steam bagel. The word is sometimes used mistakenly to describe Haredi, who are (more or less) the folks in black hats. When Polish Jews went away to the United States, they brought the beugel with them. Nowadays, you may even see a loaf of pumpernickel bread that has been made with a combination of whole rye berries and rye flour. So traditionally speaking, the proper pronunciation would be "bye-gel." [citation needed], In tennis, a "bagel" refers to a player winning a set 60; winning a match 60, 60, 60 is called a "triple bagel". It is thought to have come (no one is entirely certain) from a modification of the Yiddish phrase arumfartsn zikh, the literal translation of which is 'to fart around. A distinguishing feature of Yeshivish is that its speakers knowingly apply highly technical and literal written language to a colloquial language and in common day usage, similar to Modern Hebrew, for example: He was goirem Asach nezek, but basoif was moideh b'miktzas and tayned he was shoigeg. Feeling 'bumfuzzled' or have the 'collywobbles'? Why did you even search this just go buy a fucking bagel Seeds and spices may be added before baking; bagels also are made with flavourings, vegetables, nuts, or fruits mixed into the dough, although purists scorn such innovations. Montreal is also known for its bagels where a little honey is added to the boiling water, which makes the bagels sweeter. We're here for you, with the knowledge and encouragement to make it happen. Yeshivish as a sociolect of Yiddish has existed for centuries among Yeshiva-educated Jews in Eastern and Central Europe. In modern mass production, the rings are machine-made, and steaming may be substituted for boiling. At the same time, Jews were migrating to Poland too, often from German lands. William Safire once noted that the end result is bland, stripped of everything that first made bagels popular to begin with. [49], Ka'ak al-Quds (better known in English as the Jerusalem bagel) is an oblong ring bread, usually topped with sesame seeds, with its origins in Jerusalem. In a large bowl, mix together the bread flour, vital wheat gluten, and salt. economic importance of tourism; manufacturing trade show 2022 However, the integration of modern-day Jews with non-Jews may keep their speech from diverging as far from the standard language as it did in the past. Sociolect of English spoken by Orthodox Jews in Yeshiva, This article is about sociolect of English. Cook the bagels for 1 minute on each side. Hawkers had to have a license. This is the oldest slang use of "to bagel" attested to, and it may have originated with the old stadium scoreboards on . [32] This particular method of preparation increases the surface area available for spreads (e.g., cream cheese, butter). The vocabulary and grammatical structure of Yeshivish are drawn primarily from the speaker's native language (see above), although the vocabulary includes scholarly jargon, primarily from the Talmud and Acharonim in Yiddish, Hebrew, and Aramaic. The extended meaning of schmaltz was first applied to popular music of a cloying, or overly sentimental, variety. In Romania, bagels are popular topped with poppy, sesame seeds or large salt grains, especially in the central area of the country, and the recipe does not contain any added sweetener. William F. Buckley, Aberdeen American News, 12 June 1973, It should be stated at the outset that the parentage of glitch is not assured, something we should not hold against so useful a word. WTF", "Bubliki: The star of a Russian-style bagel brunch", https://www.gutenberg.org/files/39620/39620-h/39620-h.htm, https://www.wr.de/wr-info/warum-es-salzkuchen-nur-in-dortmund-gibt-id2664850.html, "Respectfully Responding to Reem Kassis (Re: Bagels)", "Everything Everywhere All At Once Ending: The Point Behind The Multiverse, The Everything Bagel, And Michelle Yeoh's Trippy Film", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bagel&oldid=1141392239, mixing and kneading the ingredients to form the dough, shaping the dough into the traditional bagel shape, round with a hole in the middle, from a long thin piece of dough, boiling each bagel in water for 6090 seconds that may contain additives such as, baking at a temperature between 347599F (175315C). A hesitation click is used, borrowed from Israeli Hebrew: Yeshivish has some unique interjections. The first is a master's thesis by Steven Ray Goldfarb (University of Texas at El Paso, 1979) called "A Sampling of Lexical Items in Yeshiva English." What the hell is so big about shrimp?" To be honest she isn't much good.. 85 27 Like all bagel bakers, the Lenders had to cope with uneven demand: fewer customers wanted bagels during the week, while on weekends, the bakery could easily sell between 3,000 and 6,000 dozen. Tearing off the larger piece is meant to bring good luck. The result is a dense, chewy, doughy interior with a browned and sometimes crisp exterior. Bagels soon became a popular staple among Polands Jews, and with their non-Jewish customers. Rewards Quiz. One of the key foods the regulation assumed would be served at a bris was (much like today) bagels. Theyve become an all-American product, coming in flavors such as blueberry and cinnamon, and even outstripping sales of another round quintessential American pastry: the doughnut. Montreal bakers bake their distinctive bagels in wood-burning ovens and tend to shape their bagels with a much larger hole in the center. New Yorkers claim that their city has the best bagels in the world, although Montreal is also known for its delicious bagels. The traditional London bagel (or beigel as it is spelled) is chewier and has a denser texture. Joseph's Coat of Many Colors. Name the five freshwater fish, the "correct" answers are all saltwater fish. I ask only because for 3 days in a row the "correct" answers to the questions have been blatantly WRONG. The crusty ringshaped bagel the word means "bracelet" in German which was the everyday bread of the Jews in Eastern Europe, has become the most famous Jewish food in America and a standard American bread. [16][17][18] Murray also invented pre-slicing the bagel. The Yiddish spelling of beigel should make clear once and for all that the former is the older and more authentic pronunciation (though I confess that I use the latter pronunciation and I'm not. "The two displaced bums are having a friendly discussion about what exactly a Schlemiel is, a name they often call each other. [28], The New York bagel contains malt, is cold-fermented for several days to develop the flavors and enhance the crust, and is boiled in salted water before baking in a standard oven. Weiser (1995) maintains that Yeshivish is not a pidgin, creole, or an independent language, nor is it precisely a jargon. In Turkey, a salty and fattier form is called ama. Russian also has this suffix, and English has borrowed -nik words from Russian too, including refusenik and Raskolnik (a dissenter from the Russian Orthodox Church). - American Record Guide, Sept./Oct. When Jews moved from Poland to America, they brought their tradition of baking and selling bagels with them. BagelK created green tea, chocolate, maple-nut, and banana-nut flavors for the market in Japan. [52], In the United States, February 9 is often celebrated as National Bagel Day,[53] in which people celebrate the rich history of getting together and eating bagels. However, as a result of the Holocaust, World War II and immigration, the secular Yiddish-speaking community is very small, and is far outnumbered by religious Yiddish-speaking communities in New York City, Los Angeles, Antwerp, Jerusalem, Bnei Brak, London and others, making the Yeshivish variant the predominant contemporary Yiddish dialect. Send us feedback. Bagels are a quintessential Jewish food. Allen, Thomas B. Webster's New World These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'bagel.' Pumpernickel is a dark and dense type of German bread. [3] Leavening can be accomplished using a sourdough technique or a commercially produced yeast. Laura Trust, co-owner of the Boston-area Finagle a Bagel chain of bagel stores, is part of that trend. [39], The AIB reported US$626.9 million fresh bagel US supermarket sales (excluding Wal-Mart) for the 52 weeks ending 11 April 2012. The "Yeshivish" dialect of Yiddish has existed for quite a few centuries among Yeshiva-educated Jews in Eastern and Central Europe. [10] Though Kaye (1991) would exclude English speakers in the context of a Yeshiva, studying the Talmud, from code-switching where he considers the terms "Yiddish English" or "Yiddishized English" ("= Yinglish") may be more appropriate.[11]. The widespread availability and interest in lox did not come about until Eastern European Jews arrived in America in the late 19th and early . (March 1996). Moideh b'miktzas refers to partial confession of a defendant. [12], Variants of the word beugal are used in Yiddish and in Austrian German to refer to a similar form of sweet-filled pastry; Mohnbeugel, a pastry filled with poppy seeds, and Nussbeugel, a pastry filled with ground nuts. As Yiddish was to Middle High German, Yeshivish may be to Standard American English. Basoif means "eventually" (more precisely, "at the end"). In Italy, taralli and friselle[it] are breads similar to bagels. The American History of Bagels and Lox. Bring water to a boil, then reduce heat to medium-high. In either process, a glaze of egg yolk or milk applied before baking produces a shiny crust. An early driver of bagels burgeoning popularity was Murray Lender who grew up working in his familys Jewish bakery in New Haven, Connecticut. Bagel. Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bagel. They are named covrigi. The dough used is intentionally more alkaline to aid browning, because the steam injection process uses neutral water steam instead of an alkaline solution bath. It comes to English from the Yiddish word megile, which is itself from the Hebrew mgillh, meaning 'scroll. [21][22][23], In Japan, the first kosher bagels were brought by BagelK[ja] from New York in 1989. [2] Sometimes it has an extra connotation of non-Hasidic Haredi Jews educated in yeshiva and whose education made a noticeable specific cultural impact onto them. [9] There is some evidence that the bagel may have been made in Germany before being made in Poland. [citation needed], Bagels can be frozen for up to six months. It is predominantly of the sesame "white" seeds variety (bagels in Toronto are similar to those made in New York in that they are less sweet, generally are coated with poppy seeds and are baked in a standard oven). Bagels are sold by many food store chains such as Tesco, Morrisons and others. Or is "honey water" a euphemism for "malt water"? Long regarded as a Jewish specialty item, the bagel is commonly eaten as a breakfast food or snack, often with toppings such as cream cheese and lox (smoked salmon ). But others note that Jews were calling the boiled and baked rolls bagels long before, probably deriving the name from the the Yiddish word beigen, meaning to bend. aws appsync subscription resolver; portable washing machine lebanon; lancer crossover fanfiction. Add a Comment. Traditionally it has to be torn apart by two individuals before eating. Instead of boiling then baking the dough, todays convenience bagels are steam baked: a process by which a little water is added to commercial ovens to produce a moister product. [citation needed], The term "bageling" refers to when a Jew uses a Jewish word or phrase in a conversation, or in the vicinity of a stranger who is also clearly Jewish, in order to inform them that they are also Jewish. [7] Bagel-like bread known as obwarzanek was common earlier in Poland as seen in royal family accounts from 1394. Judeo-hybrid languages were spoken dialects which mixed elements of the local vernacular, Hebrew, Aramaic and Jewish religious idioms. In 1951, when it was covering a strike by the citys bagel bakers, The New York Times felt the need to explain to readers what the pastry in question was: a glazed surfaced roll with the firm white dough.. A bagel (Yiddish: beygl , Polish: bajgiel), also spelled beigel, is a bread product originating in Poland, traditionally shaped by hand into the form of a ring from yeasted wheat dough, roughly hand-sized, which is first boiled for a short time in water and then baked. The origin of the bagel is not known, but it seems to have its roots in central Europe. Who is in charge of the rewards Quiz. In recent years, a variant has emerged, producing what is sometimes called the steam bagel. It is uncertain if the Uyghur version of the bagel was developed independently of Europe or was the actual origin of the bagels that appeared in Central Europe. A 2011 Time Magazine article lamented the American-ization of the bagel, calling it a symbol of assimilation at any cost. 1, 'Cattywampus' and Other Funny-Sounding Words. The Barry Sisters together with the Ziggy Elman Orchestra made it popular in the US in 1939. Judaism Religion Religion and Spirituality. This bread is traditionally made with coarsely ground rye and sourdough starter. Using a pastry brush, brush the egg wash on top and around the sides of each bagel. It may be a reference to the fact that bagel dough has to "rest" for at least 12 hours between mixing and baking, or simply to the fact that the hour hand on a clock traces a bagel shape . bagels sold by Costco in Japan, are the same as in the U.S.[citation needed], Bagels in the U.S. have increased in size over time. Hawkers had to have a license. Archival sources show that the simit has been produced in Istanbul since 1525. Later the name was changed and called a bagel. Documents in Turkish History 2] (Kasm 1967): 56, nsal, Artun. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The Yeshivish dialect of Hebrew consists of occasional Ashkenazic pronunciation and various Yiddishisms within Modern Hebrew spoken among Haredi communities in Israel. A schedule that consists of a tisch, parsha shiur and sicha at shaleshudes are traditional to all yeshivos, from Yeshivish to Modern. Linguist Leo Rosten wrote in The Joys of Yiddish about the first known mention of the Polish word bajgiel derived from the Yiddish word bagel in the "Community Regulations" of the city of Krakw in 1610, which stated that the food was given as a gift to women in childbirth. There are many different kinds of -niks, a handy word ending which comes from the Yiddish suffix of the same spelling, and denotes a person who is connected to a group or a cause. Today it belongs to the repertoire of klezmer, jazz and pop musicians. [28], A typical[clarification needed] bagel has 260350 calories, 1.04.5 grams of fat, 330660 milligrams of sodium, and 25 grams of fiber. Russian bubliks are very similar to bagels, but are somewhat bigger, have a wider hole, and are drier and chewier. Commonly used platitudes amongst Orthodox Jews are frequently expressed with their Yeshivish equivalent. It was sold on the street by vendors with baskets or hanging on long sticks. In Medieval Europe, Church officials and local nobles often forbade Jews from baking bread at all. There is a higher incidence of Yeshivish being spoken amongst Orthodox Jews that are regularly involved in Torah study, or belong to a community that promotes its study. The Yiddish variant of Yeshivish is questionable as a definition in itself, since the grammar remains identical to that of Yiddish. Our weekly email is chockful of interesting and relevant insights into Jewish history, food, philosophy, current events, holidays and more Dr. Alt Miller lives with her family in Chicago, and has lectured internationally on Jewish topics. ', "And I got bubkes for alimony and child support. In Medieval Europe, Church officials and local nobles often forbade Jews from baking bread at all, which the Church viewed as a holy food and thus too good to allow Jews to enjoy. Yet, bagels, like the Jewish people itself, are resilient, and a new generation of bakers and customers is rediscovering the joys of traditional Jewish bagels. [5][6], The earliest known mention of a boiled-then-baked ring-shaped bread can be found in a 13th-century Syrian cookbook, where they are referred to as ka'ak. Simit are also sold on the street in baskets or carts, like bagels were then. In 1966, another bagel company opened an automated bagel factory opened in the Bronx, replacing bakers who before had hand-rolled, boiled, and baked the dough. In the 16th and first half of the 17th centuries, the bajgiel became a staple of Polish cuisine and a staple of the Slavicdiet generally. Yeshivish, like the more secular Jewish. [24] By 2003, the average bagel sold on a Manhattan coffee cart weighed around 6 ounces (170g).[15]. 2001, : a person who often drops things, falls down, etc. In 1610 the Jewish Council of Krakow issued a regulation in Yiddish advising the local Jewish community not to hold overly-lavish celebrations for their babies brisses in order to avoid making gentile neighbors envious and also to ensure that members of the community didnt go into debt in the celebrations. A bagel is a traditional Jewish roll that's shaped like a doughnut and often served sliced in half, toasted, and spread with butter or cream cheese. Set aside for 10 mins or so to become frothy. In the UK, bagels are popular in London, Brighton, Leeds, Belfast, and Manchester. They are named covrigi. "You're always so persistent about things. In Russia, Belarus and Ukraine, the bublik is essentially a much larger bagel, but have a wider hole, and are drier and chewier Other ring-shaped breads known among East Slavs are baranki (smaller and drier) and sushki (even smaller and drier). In some parts of Austria, ring-shaped pastries called Beugel are sold in the weeks before Easter. there is no formal definition for yeshivish since there is yeshivish movement or group. Yeshivish may use a "chanting intonation" for reading and discussing Jewish texts. In 2016, she opened a new test kitchen to experiment with traditional recipes. Bread with a hole, first boiled, then baked. The other day, Tech Insider posted a video about the best way to cut a bagel. Intrigued, yet skeptical of 2002-2023 My Jewish Learning. According to the American Institute of Baking (AIB), 2008 supermarket sales (52-week period ending January 27, 2009) of the top eight leading commercial fresh (not frozen) bagel brands in the United States: Further, AIB-provided statistics for the 52-week period ending May 18, 2008, for refrigerated/frozen supermarket bagel sales for the top 10 brand names totaled US$50,737,860, based on 36,719,977 unit package sales. Connected with it is the tradition of Beiglreien (lit. There are also whole-grain and rye versions. Will was a bachelor." In Turkey, a salty and fattier form is called ama. " Raymond Federman & George Chambers, Triquarterly (Evanston, IL), Fall 1995. Although so many new varieties of bagels have now appeared in New York, purists will have only the original plain water bagels, which are made by throwing rings of risen dough into violently boiling water for a few seconds, then draining, cooling, and baking quickly till golden, shiny, and crisp. Their Generosity Ended Up Saving Jewish Lives, Why Harry S. Truman Recognized the State of Israel, When Arabian Jews and Muslims Lived in Peace, Portraits of Valor: Heroic Jewish Women You Should Know, Top Six Rules Every Mother-in-Law and Daughter-in-Law Should Follow. bagel, doughnut-shaped yeast-leavened roll that is characterized by a crisp, shiny crust and a dense interior. In tennis, a "bagel" refers to a player winning a set 6-0; winning a match 6-0, 6-0, 6-0 is called a "triple bagel.". Today the average bagel is about 6 inches wide and about 350 calories. [46] Warwick Goble made an illustration of the simit sellers of Istanbul in 1906. More recently, in the last hundred years, we've added many Yiddish words in our melting pot. The boiling and baking process actually means that bagels stay fresher longer, which for poor Jews, was really important. At its most basic, traditional bagel dough contains wheat flour (without germ or bran), salt, water, and yeast leavening. Despite its heavy borrowing of technical and legal terms, the above sentence would be understood clearly by speakers of Yeshivish as "He did a lot of damage, and eventually admitted that he did it, although he claimed it was inadvertent.". - Thomas J. Cottle, When the Music Stopped: Discovering My Mother, 2004. [6], Benor (2012) offers a detailed list of distinctive features used in Yeshivish. 'ripping/tearing the beigl') at Easter where two people pull on opposite ends of a beigl until it breaks into two pieces. They were often displayed in the windows of bakeries on vertical wooden dowels, up to a metre in length, on racks. Bagels are made from the basic bread ingredients of flour, yeast, salt, and sweetening. Um hate to tell you all this, but calling . From New York to Tel Aviv, Chicago to Boston, smaller bakeries are returning to traditional styles of this Jewish staple. The schlemiel however, tends to have an air of incompetence surrounding their misfortune, whereas the schlimazel is simply unfortunate. Cuisine of Israel: A bagel, also historically spelled beigel, is a bread product originating in the Jewish communities of Poland. The work lists, defines, and provides examples for nearly 250 Yeshivish words and phrases. Different dough types include whole-grain and rye. Oines would be the correct technical term. Bagels are made from the basic bread ingredients of flour, yeast, salt, and sweetening. In the United States, February 9 is often celebrated as National Bagel Day, in which people celebrate the rich history of getting together and eating bagels. In Yiddish, this means "banging the kettle," but in the Americanized version of the expression, it means "stop bothering me.". Eventually, Jews in Poland won the right to make and sell bread not ordinary bread, which was still viewed with suspicion by Christian customers, but bread that was boiled, and thus distinctive and different from bread supplied by Christian bakers. Some Japanese bagels are sweet; the orthodox kosher bagels are the same as in the U.S. The base of all artistic genius is the power of conceiving humanity in a new, striking, rejoicing way, of putting a happy world of its own creation in place of the meaner world of common days, of generating around itself an atmosphere with a novel power of refraction, selecting, transforming, recombining the images it transmits, according to the choice of the imaginative intellect.

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