should southern be capitalized

Related, but not duplicates (in my opinion): As definitive as it gets. Have you ever visited the Western United States? Capitalize the traditional geographic regions in the United States: the Midwest, the North, the South, the West, and the combined regions (i.e., the Northeast, the Southeast, and the Southwest).1. Is Southern California capitalized AP style? By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Actually, you should capitalize federal only when it is part of a proper noun, that is, the official name of a particular or unique person, place, or thing. This seems a difficult case; as this discussion at. Less democratic. 17th ed., U of Chicago P, 2017,www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/book/ed17/part2/ch08/psec047.html. the Deep South. I tried to describe the difference in my answer below. Q. Debating with an editor over capitalization of the word bicentennial. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. They are written with capital letters. When does a locational distinction change its suffix and capitialization in a proper name? Note that exceptions based on specific regional, political, or historical contexts are inevitable and that an author's strong preference should usually be respected. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Unless they are actually part of the place name, directions dont need to be capitalized, but this depends on personal preference (e.g., if it might make this clearer to the reader) and whether its specified by a style guide. If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as the Southern States. However, if youre referring to a general location, such as the southern winds then southern should be lowercase. However, as in the case of plant names, animal names are not capitalized ("I spotted a red-tailed hawk," not "I spotted a Red-Tailed Hawk"), except when an element of the name is a proper noun, as in "Steller . document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); You can also upload a document to get an instant quote. Is south capitalized when referring to Southern states? When to capitalize North East south west? Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. So, noun will be always first capital letter. When did states go to 2 letter abbreviations? Not capitalizing when referring to a general direction. I am a technical writer and editor who shares writing-related software tutorials on this website and on YouTube. @Devil07, the geographical adjective "southern" is not usurped -- it just means something different. The first instance of when "global" should be capitalized is when used as the first word in a sentence. The Chicago Manual of Style, sixteenth edition (2010) has a useful and detailed discussion of this issue. It only loosely defines a region of California and its border is not officially defined either. Are you captivated by capitalization? I wanted to know how to write Southeast Albania correctly (proof reading). The seasons are not proper nouns and are therefore not normally capitalized. Whichever version you use, then, we'd suggest not capitalizing the direction, just the country name. When to capitalize North East South West? Unless the direction is part of the country's actual name, it remains lowercased. However, to, not a dash, should be used when from introduces a range of dates (from 2012 to 2013, not from 2012-13). Thank you for subscribing to our newsletter! Names of gods are capitalized, including Allah, Vishnu, and God. @EdwinAshworth I didn't notice any argument in his answer at all. You capitalize state only when it follows the name of the state, as in New York State is also called the Empire State, or when its part of a traditional name for a state, like Empire State or Lone Star State. When it precedes the name of the state, dont capitalize the word unless its part of a title of . If youre referring to the Western States, for example, youre referring to a group of proper nouns. It's similar to why your name is always capitalized. "I" is always capitalized, along with all its . Lorry Vs. Truck: Meaning And How To Use Each One, Turnip Vs. Radish: Meaning And Differences Of These Words. Proper nouns should always be capitalized. By attaching itself to a common object, the language or country name takes on a new meaning. The Chicago Manual of Style and the MLA Handbook, for instance, say to only capitalize Southern when referring to the American Civil War. Am I a midwesterner or a Midwesterner? (1) often capitalized: of or relating to any of various population groups having dark pigmentation of the skin (black Americans) (2) : of or relating to the African-American people or their culture (black literature) (a black college) (black pride) (black studies) From Merriam-Webster Dictionary Part of the definition for white These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Similar is the case with the following set of words: Here are a couple of sentences for further clarity on the matter: When terms such as "southern district" and "western region" are used as names for specific units within an organization, capitalize them. The word 'southern' shouldn't be capitalized in a sentence unless it is a proper noun. Otherwise, the word should be lowercased, as in "the god of war.". By convention, however, southern is capitalized when it refers to the region of California: I live in Southern California. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. However, if youre referring to a specific region, such as the east coast of the United States, keep the words lowercase. Erin Wright, 20122023. What is the purpose of this D-shaped ring at the base of the tongue on my hiking boots? Settlers moved into the West. Why Do Cross Country Runners Have Skinny Legs? If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as the Southern States. However, if youre referring to a general location, such as the southern winds then southern should be lowercase. When words like northern, southern, eastern, and western precede a place name, they are not ordinarily capitalized, because they merely indicate general location within a region. Capitalize the pronoun. When the name of a city and state are used together, the name of the state should be abbreviated (except for Alaska, Hawaii, Idaho, Iowa, Maine, Ohio, Texas and Utah). When the word "state" comes after a state's name, it should be capitalized. However, if, like Northern Ireland and North Korea, the direction is part of the proper name, it should be capitalized. Lowercase north, south, northeast, etc. It might be amusing to look for instances of "southern Southern California" or "northern Southern California". Capitalize the first word of every sentence. Here are a few sentences with the word "region" in them: If part of a title or headline, the word "region" can be capitalized to conform to title capitalization rules. When we write the days of the week, we always use a capital letter. What's the difference between a power rail and a signal line? Most of the north is sandy, and the northern coast is mountainous. . It's the inconsistency or the abrupt switching between capitalized letters and lowercase letters is what that puts readers off. TimesMojo is a social question-and-answer website where you can get all the answers to your questions. You should read both Western and Eastern philosophy. "The South" is capitalized because it designates a definite region, e.g., "I was born and raised in the South." More answers below Usage guide. Some could argue the word "Southerner" in the sentence denotes someone who belongs to a specific region, and the letter "S" should therefore be capitalized. The following examples illustrate not only the principles sketched in [an earlier section of CMOS] but also variations based on context and usage. The correct sentence is Carlotta and I love Halloween. The same rule applies for specific regions when you add -ern onto the end of a direction. The state abbreviations are always in the same format: two letter abbreviations where both letters are uppercase and no periods or spaces between each letter. The Chicago Manual of Style and the MLA Handbook, for instance, say to only capitalize Southern when referring to the American Civil War. The obvious examples of this are countries, states, cities, and other geographical areas: Subscribe to our newsletter and get writing tips from our editors straight to your inbox. When words like northern, southern, eastern, and western precede a place name, they are not ordinarily capitalized, because they merely indicate general location within a region. Capitalization For WebCT Users in Writing Classes: The "caps" icon (usually immediately before a word) indicates either that the following word ought to be capitalized (for one of the reasons listed here) or, if it is already capitalized, that it shouldn't be. For example, The Associated Press Stylebook (AP style) recommends capitalization:2. Theoretically Correct vs Practical Notation. Should "west coast" be capitalized if it is referring to the western region of the U.S.? If youre referring to a collection of proper nouns, such as the Southern States, this is the case. Capitalize names of organizations, institutions, stores, businesses, teams, political parties, and government bodies. , Capitalize the first word of a quoted sentence. For example, "Global is a proper noun." . You should only capitalize directions, such as north, when you are referring to it as the proper noun, such as "in the North.". The United Kingdom, for instance, is a region that comprises four countries: Scotland, England, Northern Ireland, and Wales. . This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. References to God (s) The word "god" should be capitalized if it is being used as a proper name of a monotheistic god, as in God in Christianity and Judaism. It does not store any personal data. You should capitalize "North," "South," "East," and "West" when they're part of a proper noun (i.e., the name of a unique thing). Do I capitalize southern as in the US region? But if someone prefers "African American," use that term rather than a more generic "black." Of course, as with other nouns, they should be capitalized at the beginning of sentences and in titles. Capitalize such words as northern, southern, eastern, and western when they refer to the people in a region or to their political, social, or cultural activities. This suffix makes the direction an adjective, and when it describes a specific region, it should be capitalized. The question as to whether something should be considered a name or not is one of style, and as such you should adhere to the discipline of your editor, publication, or organization, or in the absence of a house style, you should adopt a suitable. To Capitalize or not to Capitalize Independence? (Most uses will be uppercase.) To know what other words you should capitalize, try our free title capitalization tool. There may be disagreement about where the border of Southern California begins, just as there was and is about the border of the Wild West, but the fact that the Los Angeles metropolitan area, Orange County, and San Diego are all located in Southern California is beyond debate. What does it mean that the Bible was divinely inspired? Thor and Norway are capitalized because they are proper nouns. PepsiCo, based in Purchase, New York, owns Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, and KFC, all of which have 29,000 locations, Money differs from other economic assets in that it is the most liquid asset available. To summarize the advice above, we suggest: However, capitalization may depend on the style guide youre using. Guidance to capitalize proper nouns in APA Style. Capitalization Unless the word is part of a formal name, do not capitalize federal, state, department, division, board, program, section, unit, or other similar words. 5 Free French-to-English Translation Services, Broad geographical regions (e.g., the North or the Far East), People from a specific region (e.g., Northerners, Southerners), Cultures or movements related to a region (e.g., Western philosophy). If you think southern California has properties which one ordinarily associates with countries or states, or at least you want to convey that this is so, then you should use the capitalization ordinarily used for names of countries or states. How should "Northern Europe" be capitalized? In 1963, the state postal codes were formalized into two character abbreviations. However, I was recently advised by someone who I consider to be educated to capitalize "southern" in this context. Can you drive with a broken front differential? 2 Do you capitalize state when referring to a state? Capitalize the traditional geographic regions in the United States: the Midwest, the North, the South, the West, and the combined regions (i.e., the Northeast, the Southeast, and the Southwest). Check your style guide (if applicable) for advice on specific terms. However, the Associated Press Stylebook does not recommend capitals in that case. Don't capitalize these words when they refer to the general location, geography or climate of a region. So capitalize The Pacific Northwest and Central Texas, but not We drove west for two hours., The States that make up The South are usually considered to be: Virginia Tennessee Arkansas Louisiana North Carolina South Carolina Mississippi Alabama Georgia Florida Texas. Despite that, knowing how to capitalize names of places, regions, geographical features, directions, etc. Do not capitalize them when they follow possessive pronouns such as her, his, my, our, your. Each state has its own shortened name codes, which are used in written documents and mailing addresses. By convention, however, southern is capitalized when it refers to the region of California: I live in Southern California. In general, midwesterners are friendly and down to earth. AP Style holds to the general rule of lowercasing compass directions and capitalizing regions. Which sentence is capitalized correctly Carlotta? 1 Is south capitalized when referring to Southern states? When possessive pronouns like her, his, my, our, and your are used, do not capitalize them. Capitalize these words when they designate regions. Another example, "Eastern" in the phrase "Eastern bankers" is capitalized since the word denotes a certain group of people. How do I connect these two faces together? Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Do you know "what is the Western Hemisphere?" For example, The hurricane move north towards the Gulf Coast. Proper nouns include the specific names of people, places, and things. Except for England, the other three countries have their own parliaments. I assume CMOS have done reasonable research before arguing against a rigid insistence on 'the principles sketched in [an earlier section of CMOS]' and have thought carefully before arguing against ignoring authors' strong preferences. Broadly speaking, a region is an area that's divided by: Geographic regions are usually depicted by their not-so-clearly defined, and at times transitory boundaries. That's when even the most exhaustive style . The AP Stylebook, which is the guiding stylebook for a number of news organizations, including The Daily Tar Heel, advises against using the Oxford comma in most basic series. In October 1963, the Department settled on the current two-letter abbreviations. 'CMOS recognizes that common usage and context determine conventional approaches to capitalization in connection with the treatment of certain terms related to regions.' However, there are a few exceptions you should learn about. Along with the proper nouns listed in the table above, you should also always capitalize: the first word after a colon when what follows the colon is an independent clause, most nouns when they are followed by numerals or letters (e.g., Table 1, Figure 2, Panel A; see section 4.17), and. In what contexts would I capitalize "city" and "county"? That means you should lowercase articles, conjunctions, and prepositionshowever, some style guides say to capitalize conjunctions and prepositions that are longer than five letters. Filed Under: How to tell which packages are held back due to phased updates. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". The word states would remain lower case if states is referred to in a general way, such as There are two senators for each state.. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. ANS: Demand, Copyright 2023 TipsFolder.com | Powered by Astra WordPress Theme. Why are non-Western countries siding with China in the UN. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. You should only capitalize directions, such as south, when you are referring to it as the proper noun, such as in the South. If you are merely referring to a direction, such as go south on I-90, then you should keep south lowercase. South-East Albania? When common nouns like party, river, and street are included in a proper name, capitalize them. The mines are in the plateaus western region. Seasons. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. As Sven Yargs' answer shows, there is a strong descriptivist argument involved. 2023 Caniry - All Rights Reserved For example, most people would capitalize South London because South London is a well-known part of a famous city. (There is a lot of leniency on whether to capitalize "The." Few would argue that the region is called "The North" as . So, option 2 is correct. Be consistent (e.g., dont use south England in one part of a document and South England in another if youre referring to the same place). The Associated Press Stylebook (AP style) suggests capitalizing terms like Midwesterner, Northerner, Southerner, and Westerner:5. Should north East south West be capitalized? When words like northern, southern, eastern, and western precede a place name, they are not ordinarily capitalized, because they merely indicate general location within a region. North, South, East and West as Proper Nouns You should capitalize North, South, East, and West when theyre part of a proper noun (i.e., the name of a unique thing). And "north" in that sentence refers to a direction (i.e., where you turned), not the place (i.e., Bolton Avenue). Likewise, capitalize terms such as "Native American," "Hispanic," and so on. I work in marketing, and I'm wondering if lowercasing the words "off" and "under" in these headlines is correct: "50% off Body Wash" and "Gift Sets under $40.". However, be consistent and do not write: "Visitors to southern California climbed while visitors to northern California fell." Should south be capitalized? Capitalizing "North," "South," "East," and "West" when they're part of a proper noun (i.e., the name of a specific geographical region or culture). In a June 11 statement, the National Association of Black Journalists issued a recommendation "that whenever a color is used to appropriately describe race then it should be capitalized . Capitalization Do not capitalize federal, state, department, division, board, program, section, unit, etc., unless the word is part of a formal name. The capitalization of as depends upon its function. down South. Lowercase to when it functions in an infinitive. Only a few signs of the zodiac are automatically capitalized (Capricorn, Gemini, Sagittarius, Taurus). doesn't shout the need for "capitalization", it's safe to write it in lowercase. northern New Jersey, western Massachusetts Northern Ireland, Western Australia Did the Allman Brothers Band play southern rock or Southern rock? AP Style states that when referring to the names of a nation, directions should . So, should you capitalize regions when writing? Use the US Postal Services symbol system, which is a two-letter abbreviation that consists of a two-letter abbreviation in which both letters are capitalized and no periods are used when giving an address or in tables or other uses where space is limited. Some authorities also capitalize titles if they immediately follow the name without the word "the.". If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as " the Southern States ." However, if instead you reference a general location, such as "the southern winds," then the word southern should be lowercase. For example, you would write "the Southern United States," but "the southern way of . Should Southern colonies be capitalized? To capitalize or not to capitalize "southern" California [duplicate]. When Should You Capitalize Geographic Regions in the United States? My friend is a southerner. As a general thumb rule, if a particular direction (north, south, etc.) The Chicago Manual of Style (Chicago style) suggests lowercasing terms like midwesterner, northerner, southerner, and westerner, except when referencing the Civil War, in which case Northerner and Southerner should be capitalized:6. For example, NY for New York, use the US Postal Services symbol system. Southern United States, for example, is appropriate because it is located in a specific region. As a result, noun will always be the first capital letter. It is also a great option for general business writing. Canada, Western European nations and developed parts of Asia; Global Southern countries are those that are less economically developed such as nations in Africa and some parts of Asia [29 . But because it has defined boundaries and administration, it's a "region". Rule 1. Southern California; West Texas; the Lower East Side of New York; If in doubt, use lowercase. Please include the research youve done. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. If as is used as a preposition, it is lowercase; if as is used as an adverb, conjunction or pronoun, it is uppercase. South Pacific. I studied Pisces, a constellation of the North sky, on a cloudless night. when they indicate compass direction, but capitalize when they indicate a region: the West Coast. Title Case Capitalization (APA 7th) Sentence Case Capitalization (APA 7th) When they indicate compass direction, lowercase north, south, northeast, and so on, but capitalize when it indicates a region: the West Coast. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. As a compass direction, south and southern are not capitalized: Capitalize each term when it is used as a proper name or as part of a proper name, and if the region . Lowercase articles (a, an, the), coordinating conjunctions, and prepositions (regardless of length). Back East. How can I find out which sectors are used by files on NTFS? Clearly, LA, OC, and SD are part of Southern California, but there are a lot of other places that are located in southern California that are not located in Southern California, such as Palm Springs, Salton Sea, Joshua Tree, Blythe, etc. "The State Finance Department," for example, is a good example. The following formal names of specific degrees should always be capitalized in AP style: As you can see, master's degrees are capitalized when abbreviated. Filed Under: Writing Tagged With: AP style, capitalization, Chicago style, dictionaries. Consistency is the most important thing, though, so you should be fine as long as the form chosen is clear and you use it each time. Which sentence is capitalized correctly I learned that Thor? Hi, Chris. But things become tricky once we get down to the details. After all, it was named after its inventor, Edwin Southern, and therefore the use of the capital is justified. This format is the official USPS postal abbreviation. When to Capitalize North, South, East and West. only if it's a proper name. For example: But when the terms are used to indicate a region, they are capitalized for example, the "West Coast". Popular usage sets the rules for standard practice especially in the case of region names. Chicago style is best for writers who want to adhere to traditional publishing standards and academic writers in non-scientific fields. Do you capitalize state when referring to a state? Otherwise, not. The geographical areas "The North," "The East," "The South," and "The West" are treated like proper nouns. The other concern I have is that southern is a geographical term, that I feel shouldn't be usurped in this way. However, when giving an address, or in tables or other uses in which space is limited, use the US Postal Services symbol system, which consists of a two-letter abbreviation in which both letters are always capitalized and no periods are used (for example, NY for New York). Strength Vs. Strong: Differences, How To Tell Them Apart? You would capitalize "Southern" when referring to the people, or their culture, politics, or social activities, e.g., Southern hospitality, Southern cuisine, Southern accents. Capitalize proper nouns and most adjectives formed from proper nouns. And if so, when? Hi, Kelly. 9 Should north southeast and West be capitalized? Are you supposed to capitalize north south east and west? The rules are fairly standard for title case: Capitalize the first and the last word. 4 Is Southern California capitalized AP style? As an aside, when we toured through the San Francisco Peninsula earlier this year, our guide told us that the natives generally didn't like the name 'Silicon Valley'. 6 Does the word federal need to be capitalized? With states, lowercase in most uses: northern New York. Here Carlotta is the name hence it needs to be in capital and I, Halloween should be capitalized. The pronoun "I" The Chicago Manual of Style. When north, south, east, and west refer to generic directions (i.e., the points of the compass), they are not capitalized: The master bedroom is in the east wing of the mansion. The Starved Rock Lodge offers world-famous midwestern hospitality in a scenic environment. We also lowercase the terms when they refer to people: My friend is a southerner. In general, you should capitalize the first word, all nouns, all verbs (even short ones, like is), all adjectives, and all proper nouns. But it would be unusual to do this for a less well-known location, such as south Coventry.. Pronouns that refer to any god or gods should be lowercased. Are both letters capitalized in state abbreviations? I is always capitalized, along with all its contractions. Here are a few more examples: When the directional terms are not proper names and are affixed to proper nouns simply to denote direction, they are written in lowercase for example, "southern France", "northern New York", etc. Of course, they should be capitalized at the start of sentences and in titles, as they are with other nouns.

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